INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, the institutionalization of HTA as a health policy is recent. Two important landmarks in this context are the creation of the National Policy on Health Technology Management (Política Nacional de Gestão de Tecnologias em Saúde - PNGTS) in 2009, and the establishment of the National Committee for Technology Incorporation (Comissão Nacional de Incorporação de Tecnologias no SUS - CONITEC) in 2011.  A fundamental proposition of this policy is the formal and systematic use of scientific evidence to support the management of health technologies. CONITEC was chosen as a single instrumental case study for the PNGTS implementation analysis, since it is responsible for advising the Brazilian Ministry of Health in the incorporation or disinvestment of health technologies into the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) and development clinical guidelines at national level. This committee seeks to address the conflicts of interest among stakeholders and reflects the perspectives and challenges of policy implementation. OBJECTIVES:: To understand the PNGTS implementation process within the CONITEC scenario. METHODS: We used three types of data sources: document analysis, interviews with stakeholders and direct observation of CONITEC meetings. The main information observed in the first phase (document analysis) was the use of economic evaluation and the comparison with cost-effectiveness thresholds (CET) in the “CONITEC’s Recommendation Reports”. RESULTS:: The analysis of the documents showed that most of the reports that recommended the incorporation of the technology into the public health system presented partial health economic evaluations (HEE). Use of a cost-effectiveness threshold (CET) was not an essential criterion for recommendation, although it is an explicit criterion in the formal documents. CONCLUSIONS:: This context reflects the current challenges in the implementation process of a National Policy on Health Technology Management, and will be explored with the qualitative data collected.