OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus type II (DM2), a highly prevalent disease worldwide, negatively impacts public health. However, epidemiology data regarding DM2 are very scarce in Brazil. This study aims to understand DM2 prevalence and control of diabetic symptoms, such as HbA1c levels and hypoglycemia, in Brazil. METHODS: Data were derived from the 2011 & 2012 Brazil National Health and Wellness Survey, an internet-based general health survey, stratified to be representative of age and gender. Among 24,000 total respondents, 1,026 reported a DM2 diagnosis, further subdivided by HbA1c levels: “controlled,” indicated by HbA1c<7% (n=57); “uncontrolled,” indicated by HbA1c≥7% (n=67); and unknown HbA1c (n=902). Additionally, respondents were categorized by hypoglycemia experience in the past three months: not experienced (n=186), experienced (n=701), and unknown (n=139). The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-4 was used to categorize respondents with no non-adherent behaviors regarding their diabetes medication as “adherent.” Results were weighted to be representative of the adult Brazilian population. One-way ANOVAs and chi-squares were used to examine group differences.  RESULTS: In Brazil, projected estimates reveal that 4.0% (n=5,585,272) of the adult population have a DM2 diagnosis. Of those diagnosed, average age was 56.5 years old, 53.2% are female, 54.3% are white, 80.9% have less than a degree, 69.3% make less than R$6,500 annually, 68.4% have public insurance, and 73.5% are overweight or obese. Regarding HbA1c levels, only 4.0% were controlled, 5.4% were uncontrolled, and 90.6% were unknown. Additionally, 17.0% experienced recent hypoglycemia, 69.6% did not, and 13.5% did not know. The majority were taking diabetes medication (86.4%), but only 37.2% were adherent. CONCLUSIONS: Although most Brazilian DM2 respondents are currently taking prescription medication, few are adherent to their medication and have adequate knowledge about their symptoms. Considering public health implications of diabetes, awareness, education programs, and pharmaceutical care for DM2 patients may improve adherence to treatment.