Presentation (CTI)

OBJECTIVES: The use of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications is on the rise globally. However, there is a lack of evidence concerning the specific drug classes, geographic distribution, economic levels, hospital types, and the impact of COVID-19 on medication consumption in the Chinese market. We aim to evaluate the consumption pattern of ADHD medication in mainland China.
METHODS: This is an observational study utilizing aggregated medication sales data from the China Medical Economic Information (CMEI) database, covering the period from 2015 to mid-2023. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medication consumption was examined using interrupted time series analysis.
RESULTS: This study investigated ADHD medication consumption in mainland China. Monthly DDDs/TID exhibited both seasonal fluctuations and a consistent upward trend (changing rate from the linear regression model: +2.54%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: +2.36% to +2.71%). During the initial eight months of the COVID-19 pandemic, ADHD medication consumption was lower than expected but gradually recovered thereafter. Methylphenidate demonstrated higher consumption and growth rates compared to atomoxetine. Tertiary hospitals had higher consumption values, while secondary hospitals showed a greater monthly change rate. Consumption rates corresponded to economic levels, with high-income areas having the highest DDDs/TID but the second-lowest growth rate.
CONCLUSIONS: This research firstly uncovers the increasing patterns of ADHD medication consumption in mainland China, the correlation between economic status and medication consumption rates, and the short-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medication consumption. It emphasizes the importance of raising awareness and providing support for ADHD, particularly in regions with lower income levels. Furthermore, it offers valuable insights for further management of ADHD during pandemics.