Impact of RSV Infection on Acute Otitis Media Burden in Young Children Beyond Their First Year of Life in Japan

Author(s)

Viktor Chirikov, MS, PhD1, Eric A. F. Simoes, MB BS, DCH, MD2.
1Senior Director, OPEN Health, New York, NY, USA, 2Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
OBJECTIVES: We previously reported on the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) on acute otitis media (AOM) burden among children diagnosed with RSV in their first year of life in Japan. However, the impact of RSV on AOM-related burden among children diagnosed in their second and third through fifth year of life is unknown.
METHODS: JMDC claims data was used to identify RSV and non-RSV controls (2011-2016 followed through 2017). Children diagnosed with RSV at chronological age 2 and 3-5 since birth (i.e., Year 2 and Year 3-5) were matched to controls, who were assigned the RSV index date of their respective match. AOM-related visits and costs were described over 36 months since index and modeled using multivariable regressions.
RESULTS: There were n=4,929 with RSV infection in Year 2 and n=2,004 in Years 3-5, matched to n=9,351 and n=3,655 controls, respectively. Among term children in Year 2, RSV-infected with uncomplicated AOM (6,310 per 100 children-years [CY]; ¥211,344) or complicated AOM within 30 days of RSV (16,918 per 100 CY; ¥320,410) had higher cumulative average count of medically-attended AOM visits and cost by 36 months of follow-up than controls. Trends were similar for term RSV children with index in Year 3-5 [(5,021 per 100 CY; ¥115,614) and (16,913 per 100 CY; ¥456,004), respectively]. In adjusted analyses among late preterm and term children, those with RSV had 2-3 times higher odds of AOM in the 30 days post-RSV; they also had higher adjusted recurrent AOM incidence (incidence ratio=1.33 for Year 2; ratio=1.41 for Year 3-5 cohorts, p<0.001) as well as monthly cost over the follow-up (cost ratio=1.73 for Year 2; ratio =1.79 for Year 3-5 cohorts, p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: RSV-associated AOM infection was correlated with higher long-term burden of recurrent AOM, compared to those without RSV, beyond the first year of life in children in Japan.

Conference/Value in Health Info

2025-11, ISPOR Europe 2025, Glasgow, Scotland

Value in Health, Volume 28, Issue S2

Code

EPH136

Topic

Epidemiology & Public Health

Topic Subcategory

Public Health

Disease

Pediatrics, Vaccines

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