Impact of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy on 30-Day Readmission in Heart Failure Patients: Insights from Real-World Data
Author(s)
Sheethal Kuriakose Vattaparambil Poulose, MPharm1, Ganesan Rajalekshmi Saraswathy, PhD1, Varsha Rakshitha Prakash, DM Cardiology2, Kshreeraja S. Satish, PharmD1, Arathi Viswam, PharmD1, Anna Ankita, PharmD1, Abel Don Palayoor, PharmD1.
1M S Ramaiah University Of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India, 2M S Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India.
1M S Ramaiah University Of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India, 2M S Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of adherence to Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT) at discharge on the rate of 30-day hospital readmission in Heart Failure (HF) patients, utilizing real-world data from a tertiary care hospital.
METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 105 patients admitted with HF. Relevant data was extracted from medical case records and discharge summaries. GDMT adherence was scored based on prescription of four core drug classes: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers/Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitors, Beta-blockers, Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and Sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors. Patients received a score from 0 to 4 and were categorized into three groups: Low adherence (0-1), Medium adherence (2), and High adherence (3-4). The primary outcome was assessment of 30-day hospital readmission rates. A chi-square test was performed to analyze the association between GDMT adherence groups and readmission.
RESULTS: Among 105 HF patients, GDMT adherence was observed to be Low in 48.5%, Medium in 21.8%, and High in 29.5% of patients. A total of 14 (13.3%) patients were readmitted within 30 days out of which 9 (17.6%) belong to Low adherence group, 4 (10.9%) to Medium adherence group, and 1 (7%) to High adherence group. This study observed a trend towards reduced readmission rates with higher GDMT adherence; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.148).
CONCLUSIONS: This real-world analysis indicates a clinically relevant trend towards reduced early readmissions with higher GDMT adherence. These findings highlight the potential benefits of optimizing GDMT prescription practices at discharge to enhance clinical outcomes in HF patients. Larger-scale studies with high statistical power are recommended to validate the current research findings and establish stronger evidence.
METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 105 patients admitted with HF. Relevant data was extracted from medical case records and discharge summaries. GDMT adherence was scored based on prescription of four core drug classes: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers/Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitors, Beta-blockers, Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and Sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors. Patients received a score from 0 to 4 and were categorized into three groups: Low adherence (0-1), Medium adherence (2), and High adherence (3-4). The primary outcome was assessment of 30-day hospital readmission rates. A chi-square test was performed to analyze the association between GDMT adherence groups and readmission.
RESULTS: Among 105 HF patients, GDMT adherence was observed to be Low in 48.5%, Medium in 21.8%, and High in 29.5% of patients. A total of 14 (13.3%) patients were readmitted within 30 days out of which 9 (17.6%) belong to Low adherence group, 4 (10.9%) to Medium adherence group, and 1 (7%) to High adherence group. This study observed a trend towards reduced readmission rates with higher GDMT adherence; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.148).
CONCLUSIONS: This real-world analysis indicates a clinically relevant trend towards reduced early readmissions with higher GDMT adherence. These findings highlight the potential benefits of optimizing GDMT prescription practices at discharge to enhance clinical outcomes in HF patients. Larger-scale studies with high statistical power are recommended to validate the current research findings and establish stronger evidence.
Conference/Value in Health Info
2025-11, ISPOR Europe 2025, Glasgow, Scotland
Value in Health, Volume 28, Issue S2
Code
PCR130
Topic
Epidemiology & Public Health, Patient-Centered Research
Topic Subcategory
Adherence, Persistence, & Compliance
Disease
Cardiovascular Disorders (including MI, Stroke, Circulatory)