Characterizing Comorbidities and Co-Occurring Conditions in Adults with Generalized Anxiety Disorder in the United States
Author(s)
Erin Ferries, MPH, PhD1, Derek Louie, PharmD, MS2, Abigail Silber, MPH3, Felix Lam, MS3, Mark Gallivan, MPH4, Susan Suponcic, BA, MA, MSc, PhD5, Phong Duong, BSc, PharmD2, Jeff Strawn, MD6, Roger McIntyre, M.D., FRCPC7.
1HEOR, MindMed, New York, NY, USA, 2MindMed, New York, NY, USA, 3Trinity Life Sciences, Waltham, MA, USA, 4Trinity Life Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA, 5Value & Access Advisors, LLC, St Petersburg, FL, USA, 6University of Cincinnati Ohio, Cincinnati, OH, USA, 7University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
1HEOR, MindMed, New York, NY, USA, 2MindMed, New York, NY, USA, 3Trinity Life Sciences, Waltham, MA, USA, 4Trinity Life Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA, 5Value & Access Advisors, LLC, St Petersburg, FL, USA, 6University of Cincinnati Ohio, Cincinnati, OH, USA, 7University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
OBJECTIVES: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often coexists with psychiatric and non-psychiatric comorbidities, leading to increased functional impairment and adverse health outcomes in individuals diagnosed with GAD. This study sought to characterize the burden of co-occurring conditions, symptoms, and clinical manifestations in adults diagnosed with GAD in the United States.
METHODS: This retrospective study used administrative claims data from the Komodo Healthcare Map™, a longitudinal, deidentified, US pharmacy and medical claims database, to examine the comorbidity burden for individuals with GAD. Eligible individuals had ≥2 GAD ICD-10 diagnosis codes at least 30 days apart, or 1 GAD diagnosis code with ≥1 GAD-related treatment claim in 2023, and continuous health plan enrollment between 2021-2023. Co-occurring conditions were classified into three categories: (1) psychiatric disorders (DSM-based conditions), (2) medical/neurologic comorbidities, or (3) symptoms/clinical manifestations. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used to examine prevalence and healthcare utilization patterns.
RESULTS: In 2023, there were ~2.0M prevalent GAD individuals. Most were female (69.9%), aged 35-54 (40.7%), and commercially insured (70.1%). Comorbid psychiatric disorders were present in 49.2%, and 58.0% had medical or neurological disorders and 59.8% had comorbid symptoms. Major depressive disorder was the most common psychiatric disorder (34.8%) and common comorbid conditions included neck and back pain (21.7%), obesity (20.5%), abdominal pain (17.0%), and chronic fatigue syndrome (16.1%).Individuals with three or more comorbid conditions had higher odds of having any healthcare resource utilization (inpatient admissions, OR: 18.6 (95% CI 18.0-19.2), emergency department visits, OR: 4.32 (95% CI 4.3-4.4)) compared to those with no comorbid conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the burden of multimorbidity in adults with GAD and the complexity of their care. Future research should explore the longitudinal course of GAD and the burden of disease in the context of other co-occurring conditions.
METHODS: This retrospective study used administrative claims data from the Komodo Healthcare Map™, a longitudinal, deidentified, US pharmacy and medical claims database, to examine the comorbidity burden for individuals with GAD. Eligible individuals had ≥2 GAD ICD-10 diagnosis codes at least 30 days apart, or 1 GAD diagnosis code with ≥1 GAD-related treatment claim in 2023, and continuous health plan enrollment between 2021-2023. Co-occurring conditions were classified into three categories: (1) psychiatric disorders (DSM-based conditions), (2) medical/neurologic comorbidities, or (3) symptoms/clinical manifestations. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used to examine prevalence and healthcare utilization patterns.
RESULTS: In 2023, there were ~2.0M prevalent GAD individuals. Most were female (69.9%), aged 35-54 (40.7%), and commercially insured (70.1%). Comorbid psychiatric disorders were present in 49.2%, and 58.0% had medical or neurological disorders and 59.8% had comorbid symptoms. Major depressive disorder was the most common psychiatric disorder (34.8%) and common comorbid conditions included neck and back pain (21.7%), obesity (20.5%), abdominal pain (17.0%), and chronic fatigue syndrome (16.1%).Individuals with three or more comorbid conditions had higher odds of having any healthcare resource utilization (inpatient admissions, OR: 18.6 (95% CI 18.0-19.2), emergency department visits, OR: 4.32 (95% CI 4.3-4.4)) compared to those with no comorbid conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the burden of multimorbidity in adults with GAD and the complexity of their care. Future research should explore the longitudinal course of GAD and the burden of disease in the context of other co-occurring conditions.
Conference/Value in Health Info
2025-11, ISPOR Europe 2025, Glasgow, Scotland
Value in Health, Volume 28, Issue S2
Code
RWD32
Topic
Clinical Outcomes, Epidemiology & Public Health, Real World Data & Information Systems
Disease
Mental Health (including addition)