Association Between Subjective Sleep Quality and Quality of Life (QoL) Linked With Claims Data in the DeSC Healthcare Database in Japan
Author(s)
Junya Sado, PhD1, Minako Izutsu, PhD1, Akiko Hatakama1, Ataru Igarashi, PhD2.
1DeSC Healthcare, Inc., Tokyo, Japan, 2Tokyo Univ. Facul. of Pharm. Dept. of Health Economics & Outcomes Research, Tokyo, Japan.
1DeSC Healthcare, Inc., Tokyo, Japan, 2Tokyo Univ. Facul. of Pharm. Dept. of Health Economics & Outcomes Research, Tokyo, Japan.
OBJECTIVES: Claims databases often lack clinical outcome data, particularly patient-reported outcomes (PROs), posing substantial challenges in evaluating treatment effectiveness. Our smartphone application, kencom®, offers a potential solution by integrating PRO data with respondents’ claims data within the DeSC database. Our objective was to investigate the association between PRO and claims data among individuals experiencing sleep disturbances in Japan.
METHODS: Two PRO surveys conducted in 2021 and 2022, with corresponding claims data for the same cohorts were analysed. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while health-related quality of life (QOL) was measured using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Associations between PSQI and QOL scores were examined through multiple linear regression analyses, adjusting for relevant covariates.
RESULTS: 19,366 (2021) and 25,176 (2022) participants were enrolled. The mean age across both cohorts was 49.3 years (SD ±10.6), with a mean PSQI score of 4.5 (SD ±2.6). Poor sleep quality (PSQI >5) was reported by 30.1% of participants, and the average QOL score was 0.92 (SD ±0.10).Higher PSQI scores were significantly associated with lower QOL scores (2021: β = -0.0160, 95% CI [-0.0165, -0.0155]; 2022: β = -0.0159, 95% CI [-0.0164, -0.0154]).Longitudinally, changes in PSQI were correlated with changes in QOL (β = -0.0080, 95% CI [-0.0088, -0.0071]; n = 12,638). This association was stronger among individuals newly prescribed hypnotics (β = -0.0135, 95% CI [-0.0174, -0.0097]; n = 306), particularly for those receiving prescriptions within six months of the initial survey (β = -0.0152, 95% CI [-0.0195, -0.0109]; n = 159).
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a robust association between self-reported sleep quality, health-related QOL, and the use of hypnotic medications. The findings underscore the importance of timely and sustained therapeutic interventions for sleep disturbances in improving QOL, and highlight the utility of early identification of declining sleep quality in facilitating appropriate medical care.
METHODS: Two PRO surveys conducted in 2021 and 2022, with corresponding claims data for the same cohorts were analysed. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while health-related quality of life (QOL) was measured using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Associations between PSQI and QOL scores were examined through multiple linear regression analyses, adjusting for relevant covariates.
RESULTS: 19,366 (2021) and 25,176 (2022) participants were enrolled. The mean age across both cohorts was 49.3 years (SD ±10.6), with a mean PSQI score of 4.5 (SD ±2.6). Poor sleep quality (PSQI >5) was reported by 30.1% of participants, and the average QOL score was 0.92 (SD ±0.10).Higher PSQI scores were significantly associated with lower QOL scores (2021: β = -0.0160, 95% CI [-0.0165, -0.0155]; 2022: β = -0.0159, 95% CI [-0.0164, -0.0154]).Longitudinally, changes in PSQI were correlated with changes in QOL (β = -0.0080, 95% CI [-0.0088, -0.0071]; n = 12,638). This association was stronger among individuals newly prescribed hypnotics (β = -0.0135, 95% CI [-0.0174, -0.0097]; n = 306), particularly for those receiving prescriptions within six months of the initial survey (β = -0.0152, 95% CI [-0.0195, -0.0109]; n = 159).
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a robust association between self-reported sleep quality, health-related QOL, and the use of hypnotic medications. The findings underscore the importance of timely and sustained therapeutic interventions for sleep disturbances in improving QOL, and highlight the utility of early identification of declining sleep quality in facilitating appropriate medical care.
Conference/Value in Health Info
2025-11, ISPOR Europe 2025, Glasgow, Scotland
Value in Health, Volume 28, Issue S2
Code
PCR27
Topic
Patient-Centered Research, Real World Data & Information Systems
Topic Subcategory
Health State Utilities
Disease
Mental Health (including addition)