Presentation (CTI)

OBJECTIVES: Digital Health Interventions (DHIs) are reshaping healthcare, yet their evaluation remains overly focused on clinical outcomes. Broader dimensions, such as user experience, system integration, and societal relevance, are often overlooked. This study introduces the Concentric Value Model, a multidimensional framework designed to reflect the full value of DHIs across subject-, interaction-, system-, and society-level perspectives. The objective was to triangulate conceptual, empirical, and practice-based insights to develop a robust and transferable evaluation model.
METHODS: A triangulated design combined three components: (1) a systematic review of existing value assessment frameworks to identify dimensions, criteria, and indicators; (2) a meta-review of 147 systematic reviews to examine how DHIs are evaluated in practice, focusing on operationalized indicators; and (3) semi-structured interviews (N = 10) with digitally disengaged individuals and healthcare leaders to validate the relevance and comprehensiveness of the identified dimensions. All reviews followed PRISMA guidelines; qualitative analysis adhered to thematic and saturation standards.
RESULTS: The synthesis of 97 frameworks and 147 reviews revealed four interdependent value dimensions: (1) Subject (e.g., clinical outcomes, behavior), (2) Interaction (e.g., usability, access, engagement), (3) System (e.g., interoperability, efficiency), and (4) Society (e.g., sustainability, equity, legitimacy). Existing evaluations prioritize individual outcomes, while other dimensions remain fragmented. Interview data confirmed the relevance of all dimensions across diverse user groups, indicating the model’s broad applicability.
CONCLUSIONS: The Concentric Value Model offers a conceptually sound and empirically supported framework for evaluating DHIs. It addresses key gaps in current practice by integrating clinical, experiential, organizational, and societal perspectives. The model enhances transparency, supports strategic decision-making, and provides a scalable foundation for assessing digital health innovation beyond individual interventions.