Prevalence of Diabetes and Its Impact on Hospitalization among Patients with Cancer: A Population-Based Study in the U.S.
Author(s)
Kiyoung Kim, PhD1, Chanhyun Park, MEd, RPh, PhD2, Boon Peng Ng, PhD3.
1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, 2The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA, 3University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, 2The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA, 3University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Presentation Documents
OBJECTIVES: Patients with cancer have a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) due to shared risk factors; however, its impact on hospital outcomes remains unclear. This study estimated the prevalence of DM by demographics and cancer type and assessed its association with length of stay (LOS) among hospitalized cancer patients.
METHODS: This retrospective, population-based study used the 2022 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) data to identify hospitalized patients with cancer, categorizing them as non-DM or DM (type 1 [T1DM], type 2 [T2DM], or other DM). Patient characteristics were stratified by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and 12 common cancer types. Multinomial logistic regression estimated DM prevalence, and negative binomial regression assessed its association with LOS.
RESULTS: Among 885,720 hospitalized cancer patients, 217,170 (24.5%) had DM, primarily T2DM. This included 3,170 (0.4%) with T1DM, 211,980 (23.9%) with T2DM, and 2,020 (0.2%) with other DM. T1DM was more prevalent among younger patients (18-54 years: 0.8%) and White patients (0.4%) compared to older (≥75 years: 0.2%) and Black (0.3%)/Hispanic (0.3%) patients. T2DM was more common in older patients (65-74 years: 27.0%; ≥75 years: 26.6%) and Black (30.0%)/Hispanic (33.5%) patients compared to younger (18-54 years: 13.9%) and White (20.8%) patients. T1DM was most common in patients with pancreatic (0.9%), breast (0.4%), and leukemia (0.3%) cancers, while T2DM was most prevalent in patients with pancreatic (37.8%), corpus uteri (32.6%), and kidney/renal pelvis (27.1%) cancers. Compared to non-DM patients, those with T2DM (incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.03, p<0.001) and other DM (IRR=1.20, p=0.004) were more likely to have longer LOS.
CONCLUSIONS: DM is prevalent among hospitalized patients with cancer, especially T1DM and T2DM in pancreatic cancer, and T2DM in corpus uteri and kidney/renal pelvis cancers. T2DM and other DM correlate with longer hospital stays, highlighting the need for targeted diabetes screening and management in high-risk patients with cancer.
METHODS: This retrospective, population-based study used the 2022 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) data to identify hospitalized patients with cancer, categorizing them as non-DM or DM (type 1 [T1DM], type 2 [T2DM], or other DM). Patient characteristics were stratified by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and 12 common cancer types. Multinomial logistic regression estimated DM prevalence, and negative binomial regression assessed its association with LOS.
RESULTS: Among 885,720 hospitalized cancer patients, 217,170 (24.5%) had DM, primarily T2DM. This included 3,170 (0.4%) with T1DM, 211,980 (23.9%) with T2DM, and 2,020 (0.2%) with other DM. T1DM was more prevalent among younger patients (18-54 years: 0.8%) and White patients (0.4%) compared to older (≥75 years: 0.2%) and Black (0.3%)/Hispanic (0.3%) patients. T2DM was more common in older patients (65-74 years: 27.0%; ≥75 years: 26.6%) and Black (30.0%)/Hispanic (33.5%) patients compared to younger (18-54 years: 13.9%) and White (20.8%) patients. T1DM was most common in patients with pancreatic (0.9%), breast (0.4%), and leukemia (0.3%) cancers, while T2DM was most prevalent in patients with pancreatic (37.8%), corpus uteri (32.6%), and kidney/renal pelvis (27.1%) cancers. Compared to non-DM patients, those with T2DM (incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.03, p<0.001) and other DM (IRR=1.20, p=0.004) were more likely to have longer LOS.
CONCLUSIONS: DM is prevalent among hospitalized patients with cancer, especially T1DM and T2DM in pancreatic cancer, and T2DM in corpus uteri and kidney/renal pelvis cancers. T2DM and other DM correlate with longer hospital stays, highlighting the need for targeted diabetes screening and management in high-risk patients with cancer.
Conference/Value in Health Info
2025-05, ISPOR 2025, Montréal, Quebec, CA
Value in Health, Volume 28, Issue S1
Code
EPH98
Topic
Epidemiology & Public Health
Disease
SDC: Diabetes/Endocrine/Metabolic Disorders (including obesity)