OBJECTIVES: The objective of our study was to determine the health resource utilization (HCRU) and costs of men with prostate cancer (PCa) from the Personalised Risk stratification for patients with prostate cancer (PRONTO) Study and two match-controlled cohorts in Canada.

METHODS: The PRONTO study included men diagnosed with stage I or II PCa between 2010 and 2015 with a PSA value <20 and Gleason score between 5-7, who received no treatment for PCa within 1-year after diagnosis (“cases”). Non-PRONTO PCa patients who were on active surveillance (“AS Controls”), and who received treatment within the first year of diagnosis (“Treatment Controls”) were 1:1 matched to PRONTO cases by age +/- five years, Charlson score, PSA value, and year of diagnosis. All patients were followed from 1 year after diagnosis (index date) to 5 years thereafter. HCRU and costs are reported from index date to end of follow-up.

RESULTS: 1,307 cases were matched to an AS Control, and 741 to a Treatment Control. Patients aged 66 years on average. For the matched cases and AS controls, the total 5-year mean cost per patient was $25,261 and $27,980, respectively (p=0.06). For the matched cases and treatment controls, the total 5-year mean cost per patient was $34,582 and $25,795, respectively (p<.0001). Between diagnosis and index date, treatment controls incurred a mean cost of $24,529/year compared to $10,969/year for the cases. Post-index, HCRU for the PRONTO cases and both control groups were similar, with an average annual number of 4-5 cancer clinic visits, 15-17 physician visits, and 9-11 specialist visits.

CONCLUSIONS: Although the PRONTO and AS cases incurred a higher cost than matched treatment controls after the index date, after factoring in the treatment control groups 1-year treatment cost, the overall costs between all 3 groups were similar.