METHODS: For a hypothetical thirty thousand patients, a decision tree was developed to assess the difference in total healthcare costs, per patient per year costs, patients’ clinical benefits and hospital’s operational benefits before and after adding PHI to detect prostate cancer in the males aged 50-80 years old who were suspicious of prostate cancer, with the PSA level falling within the specific grey zone in China. Since there is no unified statement about the PSA grey zone so far, we selected 3 common PSA grey zone, 2-10ng/ml, 4-10ng/ml, and 2-20ng/ml, the analyses were conducted in each scenario respectively. The clinical inputs and the costs for registration, ultrasonography, computed tomography scan and biopsy were derived from published literature or expert opinions.