Characteristics and Adherence of Patients Initiating Injectable Cabotegravir for HIV Treatment or Prevention

Author(s)

Duy Do, PhD, Patricia J. Rodriguez, MPH, PhD, Brianna Cartwright, MS, Nick Stucky, MD, PhD.
Truveta, Incorporated, Bellevue, WA, USA.

Presentation Documents

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed adherence to injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine for HIV treatment and injectable cabotegravir for HIV prevention among individuals who newly initiated therapy. Additionally, we identified patient characteristics associated with adherence in a real-world setting.
METHODS: Using subset of electronic health record data from Truveta, patients ages 18+ who initiated injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine or cabotegravir were followed for up to six months after initiation. Adherence was categorized into three groups: incomplete initiation (did not complete two initiation injections), non-adherent (completed two initiation injections but missed subsequent doses), and adherent (completed initiation injections and followed the labeled schedule). Logistic regression examined factors associated with adherence among initiation completers, considering age, sex, race, ethnicity, education, prior oral therapy, and Elixhauser comorbidity index.
RESULTS: From January 2021 to June 2024, 1,226 patients initiated cabotegravir/rilpivirine for HIV treatment and 831 patients initiated cabotegravir for HIV prevention. For individuals initiating cabotegravir/rilpivirine (or cabotegravir) for treatment (prevention), 8.4% (13.5%) did not complete initiation injections, 68.0% (50.8%) were adherent, and 23.6% (35.7%) were non-adherent. Among the treatment cohort, demographic characteristics were not associated with adherent status; however, patients with more comorbidities were more likely to be adherent than those without (p<0.001). Among individuals initiating injectable cabotegravir for HIV prevention, those ages 35 and older were more likely to be adherent than those ages 18-34 (p<0.001), while those with prior oral therapy use for HIV prevention were less likely to be adherent (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: A large proportion of patients initiating injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine for HIV treatment and injectable cabotegravir for prevention were adherent, though a notable portion were non-adherent or did not complete initiation injections. Factors such as comorbidities and age were associated with adherence, suggesting that tailored strategies may be needed to improve outcomes in specific patient populations. Further research is merited to explore additional barriers to adherence.

Conference/Value in Health Info

2025-05, ISPOR 2025, Montréal, Quebec, CA

Value in Health, Volume 28, Issue S1

Code

EPH49

Topic

Epidemiology & Public Health

Topic Subcategory

Public Health

Disease

SDC: Infectious Disease (non-vaccine), SDC: Reproductive & Sexual Health

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