OBJECTIVES: To assess and summarize the current evidence base for the broad socio-economic value of influenza, pneumococcal, herpes zoster, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) adult immunization programs in ten countries (Australia, Brazil, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Poland, South Africa, Thailand, and the USA).

METHODS: We undertook a structured literature review of evidence published in the last 5 years. Results were mapped onto a previously published framework including 11 value elements that collectively represent the broader socio-economic value of vaccination. For each individual program and country, we then visualized the quality/availability of evidence as well as the value of the vaccination program on each value element.

RESULTS: There is strong evidence demonstrating the value of vaccination in terms of mortality, morbidity, cost-offsets, and productivity. A nascent evidence base also shows some positive effects with respect to social equity value and value in preventing antimicrobial resistance. Evidence indicates that increased uptake and coverage of existing vaccination programs, as well as expanding the sub-populations of adults included in immunization programs, could realize further benefits, and further increase cost-effectiveness. However, key gaps remain, including the effects of vaccination programs on carers and the enablement value of vaccines on other interventions.

CONCLUSIONS: adult vaccination programs generate value across a broad range of socio-economic outcomes and expanding coverage of adult vaccination programs would further increase that. Gaps in the current evidence base also suggest that the literature currently underestimates the value of adult vaccination programs, and researchers and HTA practitioners should prioritize research into under-recognized, 'broad' dimensions of the value of adult vaccination programs such as social equity.