OBJECTIVES: To determine the cost of blindness in the Czech Republic. METHODS: Determination of cost is based on the search of public database in 2006. Cost are calculated from the state perspective, cost from the private sector are not included (foundation, donation etc.). Analysis include direct cost: supportive equipment, counseling, home care, co-morbidity treatment, rehabilitation, retraining, social home for blind people, social benefits – allowance, community care and indirect cost: productivity lost which was calculated via human capital method. Three cost categories were selected to describe cost of blindness: 1.) Blind in productive age, 2.) Blind in retirement living at home, 3.) Blind in retirement placed in social home for blind people. Costs in each group were divided in cost first year and following years. RESULTS: The cost is highest first year in group 1) blind in productive age and reach 733,000 CZK (app. 34,900 USD) per year. Following years is the cost lower 522,000 CZK (app. 24,900 USD) in this group. The second group which includes blind people placed at home utilize 408,000 CZK (app. 19,400 USD) during first year and 197,000 CZK following years (9,400 USD). The cost of third group which includes patients living at social home was 324,000 CZK (15,400 USD) both first and following years. CONCLUSION: Cost of blindness from ranges from 197,000 CZK to 733,000 CZK (app. 9,400 to 34,900 USD) per year in the Czech Republic. Cost of blindness represents a substantial burden for Czech state and society.