OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes associated with the use of Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) by pharmacists' working in retail and hospital setting using Extended Technology Acceptance Model (ETAM). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted by administering a survey to pharmacists (N=285, Retail = 138, Hospital = 147) in the Houston metropolitan area. A prevalidated questionnaire using thirty items, five-point strongly disagree (1) -- strongly agree (5) Likert scale was used to measure pharmacists' perceived usefulness and intention to use PDAs. Data along with demographic information such as age, gender, education, income and practice setting were collected, coded, and analyzed using SAS at a set priori significance level of .05. Descriptive, correlation and stepwise regression analyses were performed to predict pharmacists' intention to use PDAs. RESULTS: Among the surveyed population only 35% of retail pharmacists' owned a PDA in comparison to 64% of hospital pharmacists'. Overall, pharmacists' in both retail and hospital settings indicated that PDAs' can improve job efficiency (55%) and be a cost effective tool (63%) in providing patient care. Further, spearman correlation analysis indicated high correlation between perceived usefulness and intention to use PDAs in hospital setting (r =0.78, p<0.001). However, in retail setting result demonstrability, tangibility and communicability of the results associated with the use of PDAs' was highly correlated with intention to use (r =0.62, p<0.001). ETAM was able to explain 55% and 71% of variance in retail and hospital pharmacists' intention to use PDAs respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The ETAM model, specifically, variables such as perceived usefulness, attitude, and result demonstrability were useful in predicting pharmacist's intention to use PDAs in both the settings. As technology advances, PDAs would provide pharmacists' an affective tool for improving efficiency in job and subsequently the patient care related outcomes.