On one hand, direct usage of pharmacoeconomic analyses in contemporary pharmacy practice seems to be limited, on the other hand correct communication with patients may benefit from promotion of rational pharmacotherapy, which stems from both doctors’ decisions (prescribed drugs) and financial abilities of patients (especially when patient’s co-payment is high). OBJECTIVES: To investigate the level of awareness among pharmacists concerning pharmacoeconomics in general, conducting and application of pharmacoeconomic analyses, activities focused on proper drug management (out-patient formularies, drug monitoring utilization systems, prescribing behaviour), etc. METHODS: Managers of 50 randomly selected pharmacies in Poland were interviewed. RESULTS: At the moment, drug costs, experts’ opinion, personal opinion and drug efficacy are the most important sources of information. However, in an ideal situation the order should be different: efficacy, expert opinions and costs. Lack of governmental agencies’ regulations on pharmacoeconomic evaluations, limited access to standarised cost data and low reliability of existing results of studies are listed among the main drawbacks in application of pharmacoeconomic study results. Wider use of pharmacoeconomics may be due to the creation of national cost databases in healthcare and introduction of transparent evaluation criteria. Societal and patient’s viewpoint were indicated as the most appropriate where 87% of respondents declared the need to expand their knowledge in the field, 48% supported the idea of the creation of outpatient formularies, 42% were opposed, 65% confirmed the necessity of introduction of central drug usage monitoring systems, 65% of pharmacists claimed that they should inform GP's that their patients are unable to purchase a prescribed drug (co-payment is too high, need for substitution) and 75% thought that discussing economic aspects of treatment with patients was justified. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge in pharmacoeconomics among pharmacists may lead to a deeper engagement of this group of professionals in a more appropriate management of drugs.