OBJECTIVES: After 1990, it was recognised that the male population’s life expectancy increased relatively quickly. This elongation was significant in decreasing the mortality rate from diseases of the circulatory system, mainly ischemic heart diseases. METHODS: Regression cost analysis was used for analysis of databases such as OECD Health Data, The Ministry of Health and Statistic institution of the Czech Republic. RESULTS: From the analysis it is evident that decreasing the concentration of cholesterol in blood plasma of the Czech population (mainly HDL cholesterol), an exponential increase in the number of people undergoing cardio surgery and consumption of modern effective drugs have all had positive effects. Use of antihypertensives in the years 1994 – 2003 has increased by more than 10 times. Moreover, use of serum lipid reducing agents has increased significantly by more than 15 times since 1995. In 2002 pharmaceutical expenditures totaled 48,032 billion Czech crowns (1,501€ billion ). Use per inhabitant was 4,681 Czech crowns (151€). Cardiovascular drug use was 19.6% of total volume of drugs in the year 2002. To save 1 year of life in the general population aged 0 – 69 years as a result decreasing mortality of ischemic heart disease, marginal costs for drugs for cardiovascular diseases was 185,000 Czech crowns (5,968€). CONCLUSIONS: Drugs for the treatment of the circulatory system play a significant role in drug policy. The rate of reimbursement drugs from public resources remains controversial and problems regarding drug policy in the Czech Republic have not yet been resolved.