OBJECTIVES: To describe the impact on real conditions of a treatment’s compliance. METHODS: Between May and July, 2002, 567 GP recruited 1049 female patients spontaneously consulting for CVD. The patients filled in questionnaires (CIVIQ, SF12 and Epworth) in order to evaluate the consequences of their disease. A patients subgroup with RA (treated with ruscus aculeatus, hespéridine méthyl chalcone HMC & acide ascorbique Vit.C ) prescription was identified. RESULTS: The group with 2 tablets a day (n=135) was called the « "non observant group": (NOG) », the group treated with the recommended dosage (4 tablets) a day was called “"observant group": (OG)” (n=831). Before treatment, both groups were comparable in terms of average age (44.1 vs. 45), height and weight (BMI : 24.3 vs. 24.2). The risk factors have been compared: sedentary lifestyle, family history, underfloor heating, pregnancy. None are significant except sedentary lifestyle (NOG 55% vs. 0:66%, p <0.0001, test ki2). No significant difference was observed between the NOG and the OG: CIVIQ : 34.3 v. 32 , SF12: Physical dimension: 48.2 v. 46.2, Mental Dimension: 42.5 v. 45, Epworth: 7.2 v. 7.8. After a seven day treatment, the same scales were administered, in the NOG, no QoL scale improved. In the OG, SF-12 Mental dimension, CIVIQ and Epworth scores significantly improved at D7 (with p respectively <0.001, = 0.01, <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The compliance with treatment at recommended dosage clearly shows an improvement of specific and non specific quality of life scales at seven days. The future availability of an RA double dose tablet should improve treatment's compliance by decreasing the intakes.