OBJECTIVES: To determine the cost-effectiveness of basic monotherapy for bronchial asthma in children with nedocromil sodium with or without specific immunotropic therapy (SIT). METHODS: Criteria for effectiveness were the number of asymptomatic days per year and a complex estimation by A. Zemskov (1997) which includes dynamics clinical and immunochemical markers of allergic inflammation. Direct and indirect costs were calculated using data from patient diaries with daily recording of medication and medical care. We observed 100 children with moderately severe asthma. The first group received monotherapy with nedocromil sodium. The second group received nedocromil sodium with SIT domestic allergens. RESULTS: The study revealed that use of nedocromil sodium in 84.0 ± 4.23% of the children provided 327.24 ± 1.04 asymptomatic days per year. The cost of one asymptomatic day was 15.44 ± 0.26 rubles. The use of SIT in the first year of treatment improved the control of asthma, and the number of asymptomatic days per year was 333,8±1,01. The cost of one asymptomatic day in this group is 12,04±0,28 rubles. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio in group with SIT was - 171,71. This complex analysis of the index with determination of clinico-immunological effectiveness was - 944,41. CONCLUSIONS: Our investigation showed that SIT in moderately severe asthma in children improved the effectiveness of basic therapy and reduced expenditures.