A key purpose in conducting pharmacoeconomic (PE) and health outcomes (HO) research is to aid in the decision-making process. However, surprisingly few studies within the literature have evaluated the relevance of this information to decision-makers. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relevance of PE and HO information to health plan decision-makers in managing the pharmacy benefit. METHODS: A qualitative research method using telephone interviews on a convenience sample of managed care and PBM decision-makers was used. Participants were presented with 16 hypothetical statements incorporating key PE and HO concepts and asked to judge the relevance of the statements. Respondents were also prompted to provide a rationale for their judgement. Questions relating to respondents training and familiarity with PE concepts were also included. RESULTS: Over 80% of respondents (n = 16) were pharmacists, with one-third working for PBMs. Statements related to quality-of-life, cost-of-prevention, cost/year of life saved, increased life expectancy, and 2-year savings were relevant to >80% of respondents. Willingness to pay (WTP), cost to society and global cost of illness statements were considered irrelevant by >35%. Response trends to the above indicate that copays preclude the relevance of WTP information, societal perspectives are generally not relevant to benefit management, and plan demographics are more relevant than global demographics. Statements related to PE modeling were relevant provided that inputs and assumptions were pertinent to the user. Statements reported in terms of quality adjusted life year were difficult for respondents to conceptualize. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that some PE and HO information is more relevant than others in the management of the pharmacy benefit.