OBJECTIVES: GOLD guidelines recommend the use of inhaled triple therapy of ICS/LAMA/LABA to reduce the risk of future exacerbations in symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with a history of exacerbations. The aim of this study was to estimate COPD-related healthcare resource use and costs, and subsequent exacerbation rate of patients initiating an inhaled triple therapy with multiple inhalers (MITT) early (< METHODS: Observational, longitudinal, retrospective study using electronic medical records from the Spanish database REDISSPatients > RESULTS: > CONCLUSIONS: COPD patients initiating MITT early (<