OBJECTIVES: To assess the cost-effectiveness and long-term clinical performance of an implantable baroreceptor activation therapy (Barostim Neo System) for the treatment of heart failure patients when compared to an optimal medical treatment managment.

METHODS: We developed a decision-analytical model with a combination of a decision tree and a lifetime Markov process to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Barostim Neo System and compare it to a medical therapy. The model assumed a typical U.S. health payer perspective, was based on a hypothetical patient cohort with the reduced ejection fraction (EF) of ≤35% and NYHA class III. Comprehensive literature review provided the input clinical parameters, long-term clinical performance and resource utilization. Cost data were derived from the national inpatient hospital cost database and Medicare reimbursement rates.

RESULTS: Barostim Neo generated additional life-years and quality-adjusted life years when compared with continuation of medical management. Barostim Neo was estimated to be cost-effective compared with optimal medical treatment at the willingness-to-pay threshold as established in most developed countries. In the model, Barostim Neo reduced major cardiovascular events, reversed heart failure progression and increased survival.

CONCLUSIONS: Barostim Neo may be a cost-effective treatment when compared with an optimal medical management in patients with heart failure and reduced EF.