OBJECTIVES: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and follicular lymphoma (FL) are conditions requiring intensive treatment. This analysis aimed to quantify costs in these patient populations in Germany with a focus on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). METHODS: This observational retrospective cohort study was based on administrative claims data of the InGef, which is nationally representative of health insured population in Germany. Patients with diagnoses of ALL, DLBCL, or FL who received HSCT between 2010 and 2014 were included. The index was the quarter when HSCT was performed. The primary outcome was direct and indirect costs of patients with HSCT. Direct costs include hospital, pharmacy, ambulatory, remedy and aid cost. Indirect costs were estimated based on sick leave days and productivity loss. As a reference, costs were also calculated for age and gender matched control groups who had no HSCT. RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: Costs associated with HSCT are substantial for patients with ALL, DLBCL, and FL in Germany. Direct health care costs are two to four times higher in patients with HSCT compared to patients with similar age and gender without HSCT. Indirect costs due to sick leave and productivity loss constitute relevant additional costs.