OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mediating effect of family strength on the relationship between care burden and quality of life of caregivers of children with intellectual disabilities in Mongolia. METHODS: Data were collected from a sample of 150 caregivers of children with intellectual disabilities in Mongolia from September 30 to October 31, 2017. Caregivers completed the following questionnaires: the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales III (FACES III), and the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale (FQoL). Multiple linear regression was performed to examine the mediating effect of family strength. RESULTS: The level of care burden was 2.74 ± 0.68, the level of family strength was 3.81 ± 0.66, and the family quality of life level was 3.77 ± 0.64. A negative correlation was found between care burden and family quality of life (r = -.255, p = .002) and between care burden and family strength (r = -.336, p < .001). A positive correlation was found between family strength and family quality of life (r = .838, p < .001). Family strength had a partial mediating effect (ß = 0.702, p < .001) in the relationship between care burden and family quality of life (p = .033) among caregivers of children with intellectual disabilities. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings of this study, family strength should be considered when developing a care burden reduction intervention program to improve the quality of life of caregivers who care for children with intellectual disabilities.