OBJECTIVES: Since the introduction of the Positive List System in Dec 2006, there has been a continuous claim that the reimbursement recommendation rate of anticancer and rare disease drugs is extremely low. As a result, two supplementary schemes (Policy of expanding coverage for four severe diseases from Nov 2013, and Economic evaluation exemption scheme from Jun 2015) were introduced to enhance the accessibility of anticancer and rare disease drugs. This study aims to analyze whether these schemes have influenced on increasing recommendation rate of anticancer and rare disease drugs. METHODS: In this study, 430 new drugs evaluated by Pharmaceutical Benefits Committee from 2007 to 2018 were analyzed. The period of analysis was divided into three different periods as the supplementary schemes were introduced in turn. Anticancer and rare disease drugs were set as the target group, while the other drugs were set as the comparative group. Logistic regression models were made by setting whether reimbursement being recommended or not as dependent variable, time, group, interaction term (time x group variable) as independent variables, and other factors as control variables. Three analysis were performed using Difference-in-Difference (DID) method. RESULTS: According to 1 period vs. 2 period analysis, the Policy of expanding coverage for four severe diseases has not had a significant effect on the increase of the target group's recommendation rate (OR=1.120, p=0.906). While the Economic evaluation exemption scheme had a significant effect on the increase of the target group's recommendation rate (OR=34.292, p=0.007) on the analysis of comparison 3 period to 2 period. Furthermore, in 1 period vs. (2+3) period analysis, supplementary schemes had a significant effect on the increase of the target group's recommendation rate (OR=5.437, p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion the supplementary schemes introduced after the Positive List System have enhanced the accessibility of anticancer and rare disease drugs.