OBJECTIVES: We aimed to measure health utility by using the EuroQol five-dimensional five level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) in Japanese patients undergoing hemodialysis(HD) and to examine the relationship between the QOL scores obtained from EQ-5D-5L and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). METHODS: Two hundred and sixteen patients on chronic HD in a single center of western Japan were requested to fill out the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire from January to February in 2015.  Patients assessed their health status by using EQ-5D-5L and a VAS. The health utility was calculated by using the Japanese value set. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient between the EQ-5D score, the VAS score, and some patient characteristics. RESULTS: Of the 216 questionnaires distributed to chronic HD patients, 195(125 males and 70 females) completed the questionnaire (response rate 91%).  The average of patients' age was 67.9±11.9 years old and the mean HD duration was 9.2±9.5 years. The mean EQ-5D-5L and VAS scores were 0.76±0.22 and 0.70±0.19, respectively. The EQ-5D-5L score was quite similar to the other Japanese data using EQ-5D-3L (0.75± 0.18). There was significant difference of health utility among age groups (younger than60 years old: 0.82, 60-69y:0.76, 70-79y:0.74, 80y-:0.69). Among all patients, EQ-5D-5L scores were significantly correlated with VAS (r=0.69, p<0.01), age (r=0.21 p<0.01), and duration of HD (r=0.23, p<0.01).  CONCLUSIONS: The health utility of Japanese patients with HD was higher than that in other countries reported. It was shown that the elder patients recorded lower utility compared to younger patients, but maintained relatively high scores even over 80 years old. These results revealed that the quality of hemodialysis for the patients with end-stage renal diseases in Japan was quite good from the standpoint of the health utility obtained with EQ-5D-L.