OBJECTIVES:: To understand the disease and treatment patterns of Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) in Argentina. METHODS:: A Disease Specific Program was conducted to assess the impact of CHF. Patient record forms (PRF) were completed by 60 cardiologists for 8 consecutive patients with CHF. The same patients were invited to complete a patient self-completion questionnaire. RESULTS: PRF data (n=480) revealed that a typical CHF patient was male (60%) with a mean age of 70.8 years. Physicians underestimated the length of time patients experienced symptoms before visiting a doctor; reporting 16.8 weeks, versus the patient-reported 24.7 weeks. Patients on average had been diagnosed for 3.6 years and the majority (60%) were considered to be stable/compensated. Cause: Hypertension was the leading cause of CHF (53%), followed by CHD/Myocardial infarction (38%). Physical signs/examinations were used to diagnose and monitor CHF; the key tests were blood pressure and heart rate. For 49% (n=234) of patients, the primary reason for consultation was diagnosis and/or testing of CHF symptoms. The lower a patient’s ejection fraction, and the more severe the NYHA functional classification, the more unstable/decompensated the patient was considered to be. Hospitalization: In the last year, 27% of patients were hospitalized for CHF, 14% of which were readmitted to hospital within 30 days (n=17). Physicians believed half of patients were at a moderate or greater risk of being hospitalised and/or dying in the next year. Treatment: 70% of doctors and patients were in agreement about how the last treatment decision was made. Eighty-four percent of patients received a Beta Blocker; 57% received Statins, 52% received Loop Diuretics, and 48% were prescribed ARBs (Angiotensin II receptor blockers). Physicians reported that four fifths of patients were not taking OTC (over-the-counter) CHF treatments. CONCLUSIONS:: These data are important for better understanding treatment patterns and characteristics of CHF in Argentina.