OBJECTIVES: To project the economic impact of expanding biologics use for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Latin America over 10 years. METHODS: The impact on costs of expanding biologics use for RA therapy during 2012–2022 was modeled from a societal perspective. The model incorporated current and projected changes in medical (inpatient and outpatient services), indirect (productivity loss), and drug costs; population size; gross domestic product; RA prevalence; and treat-to-target (T2T) use. Costs (adjusted to 2012) were compared in 2 scenarios: expanded biologics use (estimated annual rate of increase 5.6%, 12.7%, and 3.9% in Argentina, Colombia, and Mexico, respectively) vs non-expanded biologics use (no increase from 2012 levels). The expanded-use scenario incorporated additional drug costs and benefits (medical and indirect cost reduction) attributed to expanded biologics use. Average annual per-patient costs of RA therapy and cost offsets based on biologics use and T2T recommendations were aggregated with base annual medical and indirect costs to estimate total cost per patient. Total per-country annual costs were estimated using population size and RA prevalence. Sensitivity analyses varying model inputs (RA prevalence, T2T use, biologics use) assessed robustness of results. RESULTS: Increased biologics use was associated with slower annual cost growth vs non-expanded use; projected per-patient 2022 costs were ARS$60,976 vs ARS$63,808 in Argentina; COP$13.11 million vs COP$14.12 million in Colombia; and MXN$66,917 vs MXN$69,127 in Mexico. Differences were driven by greater medical and indirect cost offsets with expanded use (eg, COP$0.810 million vs COP$0.245 million [medical] and COP$2.042 million vs COP$0.618 million [indirect]). Expanded biologics use resulted in 10-year cumulative net cost savings of ARS$2.351 billion (Argentina), COP$728.577 billion (Colombia), and MXN$18.02 billion (Mexico). CONCLUSIONS: Increased biologics use is estimated to substantially reduce medical and indirect costs, which offsets the increase in medication costs, leading to slower growth in total RA costs over time.