OBJECTIVES: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world and caused 13,345 deaths in Brazil in 2011. According to data from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute, 75,000 new cases are expected between2014 and 2015.  The main objective of this study is to report geographic distribution and temporal trend of hospitalization costs due to breast malignant neoplasm in Brazil. METHODS: Hospitalizations assessmentswere performed to analyze costs and geographic distributionrelated to breast cancer, from January 2008 to December 2014,in Brazil. The data used were extracted through Brazilian Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), from morbidity database and according to C-50 which represents breast malignant neoplasm on ICD-10 Chapter II. Costs were estimated in 2015 Brazilian Real (BRL) and include federal reimbursement for exams, drugs, medical procedures and fees. RESULTS: Costs due to breast cancer hospitalizations in Brazil were BRL 26,206,844, BRL 33,538,686, BRL 36,772,345, BRL 39,106,146, BRL 44,469,151, BRL 98,812,142, BRL 1.12E+08 from 2008 to 2014, respectively. In this period, costs increased around 23.4%.The average lenght of stay was 4 days, mortality was 8.23 and cost per hospitalization was around BRL 1,203. Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte, both localized in Northeast region, were the states with the highest cost per hospital admissions: BRL 2,184.91 and BRL 1,631.39, respectively. Lowest costs per hospitalization were found on North region: BRL 567.31 and 672.32, on Amapá and Acre states, respectively.  CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalization due to breast cancer in Brazil is increasingly impactful on Brazilian economy. The emergence of new technologies more expensive and the growing incidence of the disease in the country are two factors that may explain the increased costs and the needed for early diagnosis.