OBJECTIVES: Results from economic evaluations are rarely generalisable due to a variety of factors between countries. The adaptability and transferability of economic evaluations often depend on the methodology, data sources used, and the quality of reporting. The objective of this systematic literature review was to identify and assess the aforementioned factors for economic evaluations conducted in Latin American countries. METHODS: Economic evaluations conducted in Latin America were identified by searching NHS-EED (whose search strategy includes MEDLINE, MEDLINE-In Process, EMBASE and EconLit) in February 2015. The Latin American health bibliographic database (LILACS) was also searched to increase the sensitivity of the review. The search strategy included broad terms related to “economic evaluation” and Latin America. All search results were evaluated by two independent reviewers, with any disagreements resolved through consensus. RESULTS: A total of 452 abstracts and titles were selected for screening after de-duplication, of which 31 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria for cost-utility economic evaluations and were included in this analysis. Almost half of all studies identified were from a Brazilian perspective (n=15, 48%), with the remaining based in Mexico (n=7, 23%), Colombia (n=2, 6%), Chile (n=2, 6%), Argentina (n=2, 6%) or a combination of Latin American countries. The majority of clinical inputs were based on trial data, of which 73% were RCTs; however, of these, only 6% used data from a local trial. Utility inputs were sourced from international literature in 94% cases. The studies evaluated consistently reported cost years (87%) and outlined the main assumptions and limitations (94%). In all of the reports the comparators were clearly described with an incremental analysis performed. CONCLUSIONS: Economic evaluations identified in Latin America demonstrated consistent reporting of study methodologies, with international, trial-based inputs commonly used as data sources. This will likely aid the adaptability and transferability of model results across Latin America.