OBJECTIVES: Access to medications is one of the main goals of Iran National Drug Policy (NDP). Being a function of multifactors such as distribution of pharmacies, if the geographical access is observed, drug accessibility is gauranteed to some extent. The aim of this study is to compare the Geographical distribution of pharmacies versus population in two capital cities of Iran. METHODS: Two cities of Iran with strategical and transitional importance with cultural and socioeconomical differences (Khorramabad and Ahwaz) were selected. In the first step the population of different regions was collected from state government databases. Furthermore all of the pharmacies’ locations in these two cities were detected through their Food and Drug deputies. The percent of population and pharmacies located in each region were calculated and compared together by differentiating relatad percents inorder to find an overview of present status of distribution and access to pharmacies. RESULTS: Ahwaz and Khorramabad, two west-southern cities of Iran, with a population of approximately 1,000,000 and 5200,000 are seperated to eight and three regions respectively. Unlike Khorramabad, an even distribution of population was found in Ahwaz. The differences in percent of population versus pharmacies in order from first to eighth region of Ahwaz were found as followed: 13.8, 3.9, -4, -8.3, 6.1, -2.6, -5.6 and  -3.3. Those of the three regions of Khorramabad were -18, 17 and 1. CONCLUSIONS: The results show the distribution of pharmacies in both cities does not match that of population in most regions. However in one region of Khorramabad and three regions of Ahwaz the distribution was acceptable. This can be justified by the fact that physicians are mostly concentrated in few regions that attract the pharmacists. It should be noted that the suitablity of population and pharmcies’ distribution is one of the most important factors in evaluating access to medicine.