OBJECTIVES: This review aimed to explore the research situation in Southeast Asian countries on the economic evaluation of vaccination. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in March 2012 using the Medline electronic database with the PubMed interface. The search was limited to English-language articles published during 2001–2012. Keywords of “(analy* OR evaluat*) AND (vaccin* OR immuni*) AND (‘region/country names’)” were employed. The methodological quality of the study was assessed against the CHEC criteria list. RESULTS: Out of 1344 articles, 27 eligible articles were retrieved and reviewed. It was found that the studies had been conducted in seven of eleven countries in the region. Thailand had the greatest number of publications (10). Twelve articles (44%) were written by local researchers, 19% by outside researchers, and 37% in collaboration of both. Among the articles, 56% mentioned the name of a local researcher as the first or corresponding author. The number of articles tended to increase yearly. The types of vaccination included in the studies were dengue, HPV, Hib, Hepatitis A and B, HIV, influenza, Japanese encephalitis, PCV, rotavirus and varicella. Most of the publications dealt with HPV (6) and rotavirus (6). Three studies evaluated a vaccination program that was included in the NIP of the particular country (hepatitis B in Thailand, and influenza and PCV in Singapore). All of the studies employed modeling. The most frequent category of evaluation was CUA (56%), followed by CEA (15%) and CBA (11%). Most of the studies met a brief CHEC criteria list, such as study population, time horizon, perspective, discounting, and sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSIONS: An analysis was conducted of publications focusing on the economic evaluation of vaccination in Southeast Asian countries. Most studies were conducted by local researchers. It can be assumed that such economic information is gaining importance in policy decision making.