OBJECTIVES: 1) Stepwise increase coverage rate of the patients with cancer; 2) Rational control of off-label drug use related to treatment of cancer including chemotherapeutic drugs and drugs for cancer pain; and 3) To control the reimbursement for the patients with cancer in the limited budget allocation METHODS: A Project to enhance coverage rate of treatment of cancer started in September, 2005. The project consists of the registry of the patients with cancer, and the special committee for review of drugs related to treatment of cancer. The handouts for the meetings have been made according to the ‘evidence based review manual’ which had been made by evidence based health care team of HIRA. It is systematic approach to retrieve information related to the safety and effectiveness about the drugs. The rate of the patient’s payment per benefit schedule is reduced from 20% to 10%. RESULTS: The total number of patients whose medical fees were claimed by health care provider was 42.8 million in 2005 and it was 43.4 million in 2006 increased by 1.4%. The total number of patients with cancer among them was 670 thousands in 2005 and it was 710 thousands in 2006, increased by 6.0%. The rate of public expenditure on health per total expenditure on health in the patients with cancer increased from 49.6% to 71.0%. The rate of patients taken with anticancer chemotherapy increased from 5.9% to 7.9%. The expected allocated budget was 597 million $ and the actual spending money was 524 million $. The conflicts about off-label drug use have decreased. Conclusion: The project was performed successfully by evidence based decision making process and reasonable use of off label drug use.