OBJECTIVES:  Postprandial glucose (PPG) control is considered necessary to achieve recommended glycemic goals for people with diabetes, but there is yet limited research on the impact of PPG control on patients’ daily lives and healthcare use. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between PPG control and healthcare resource utilization among adults diagnosed with diabetes. METHODS:  A web-based self-reported survey of adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, treated with basal and bolus insulins, was conducted in Italy, UK and USA. Recruiting targets ensured inclusion of respondents with differing levels of PPG control and PPG monitoring behavior. Average highest PPG was estimated from the two highest PPG values measured in the past week. Respondents were asked about resource use specifically related to having elevated PPG. Negative binomial regression analyses were used to predict healthcare resource use counts. Analyses controlled for demographic characteristics, duration of diabetes and diabetes-related complications. RESULTS:  Among respondents regularly measuring PPG (n=691), 5.5% reported having been hospitalized overnight in the past 12 months, 15.9% visited their healthcare practitioner (HCP) in the past 6 months and 15.1% called/emailed their HCP in the past 6 months, specifically related to elevated PPG. Respondents who regularly measured PPG experienced elevated PPG an average of 4.4 times (SD, 4.9) per week, and mean average highest PPG in the past week was 11.9 mmol/L (SD, 4.0). On average, holding other variables at means, a one-mmol/L PPG increase was associated with significant increases in predicted rates of healthcare resource use related to elevated PPG: overnight hospitalizations, 14.4% (p<0.001); HCP visits, 14.1% (p<0.001); and HCP calls/emails, 12.3% (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS:  Inadequate PPG control is associated with increased healthcare resource utilization, and additional education regarding PPG control may be helpful in efforts to improve diabetes management and reduce healthcare costs.