OBJECTIVES:  The aim of our study is to compare Hungary’s and China’s health profile and to have a full picture about their similarities and differences. METHODS:  A quantitative descriptive study was carried out with document analysis. Data derived from the database of World Health Organization and from the year 2012-2013. The indicators are the following: (the number of live births/deaths, leading causes of death, health care expenditure, adult risk factors, drinking water supply, sewage rate). RESULTS:  The proportion of people over 60 years is 24% in Hungary and 14% in China. There is a big difference in the proportion of urban population (HU: 70%, CN: 53%). The number of deaths per year is higher than the number of births per year factor in Hungary (death: 129.100/year, birth: 98.100/year). However there is a natural increase in China (death: 10,044,900, birth: 18,513,700). There is difference in the ratio of causes of deaths among under-five in 2013 - the maternal mortality (HU: 37%; CN: 16%) occurs more than congenital anomalies (HU: 29 %; CN: 13%). In China, the births asphyxia ratio (CN: 15%; HU: 6%) and the acute respiratory infections are higher (CN: 14%; HU: 5%). The frequency of elevated BP (HU:25.6-42.7%; CN: 23.7-29.8%) and obesity (HU: 20.4-26.2%; CN:4.6-6.8%) are more important from adult risk factors than the others in Hungary. The leading cause of death in 2012 was stroke (2,331,300 death) in China and ischemic heart diseases (34,300 deaths) in Hungary. We found difference in the rate of health care spending per capita between China (> 600 USD) and Hungary (> 2000 USD). CONCLUSIONS:  There are significant differences in the health profile of Hungary and China. However, higher expenditure in health care does not necessarily result in a better health status.