OBJECTIVES: Under the current healthcare system, care of cancer patients is associated with exponentially increasing costs and there is an increasing focus on quality. The objective of this study was to assess the current quality of care landscape in oncology in the US by examining recent actions of national healthcare organizations (HCOs) in oncology. METHODS: A literature search and review of national organizations’ websites were conducted to identify national HCOs involved in 5 areas in quality of oncology care, including developing guidelines/care improvement models, developing quality measures, accrediting/certifying providers and health plans, using data to monitor outcomes, and engaging in quality-based reimbursement. The recent activities of these organizations and real-world applications of their quality initiatives were reviewed. RESULTS: Multiple national HCOs were identified and assessed. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) disseminates clinical practice guidelines covering 97% of cancers. NCCN, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA), and American College of Surgeons (ACoS) are all involved in developing quality measures that tie to outcomes of cancer patients. NCQA and ACoS provide accreditation/certification of providers and/or health plans based on quality measures. ACoS and ASCO capture data to monitor outcomes and assess cancer program performance based on quality measures. NCQA and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) are driving the development of physician-driven, patient-centered, oncology medical homes (OMHs) to provide a continuum of coordinated cancer care. CMS in the spring of 2016 will initiate the Oncology Care Model, which aims to financially incentivize high quality, coordinated care of cancer patients. Emerging data show that implementation of OMHs in the community setting leads to improved patient outcomes at lower costs. CONCLUSIONS: National HCOs are changing the quality of oncology care in the US and implementation of their initiatives in the real-world setting may show improved patient outcomes at lower costs.