OBJECTIVES: To determine the knowledge, attitudes, practices and other factors associated with use of long term FP methods among women 15-45 years in urban Uganda. METHODS: A household based cross-sectional study involving 454 women aged 15-49 years was conducted between Jan-Aug 2014. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data on knowledge, attitudes, practices and factors associated with long term FP use. The outcome variable was Current use of a long term FP methods [i.e. intra-uterine devices (IUD), implant or sterilization]. Use of long term FP was defined as a woman who self-reported current use of one of the following long term FP methods. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors independently associated with current use of long term FP methods. RESULTS: Most women were married 73.35% and about three quarters 57.06 % had been in marriage for more than 5 years. The level of knowledge and current use of long term FP among women was high at 74.9% (340/454) and 60.4% (274/454) respectively. Most women were knowledgeable and reported current use of norplant at 74.2% (337/ 454) and 52% (36/69) respectively. Women who had attained secondary education and tertiary education, were more likely to use long term FP methods adjusted odds ratios [AOR] = 4.6, 95% CI of 1.6-12.6), (AOR=5.5, 95% CI of 1.5-19.8) respectively. Women whose partners didn’t get involved in FP and negative attitude were less likely to use long term FP methods (AOR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.8), (AOR=0.1, 95% CI 0.0-0.2) respectively.  CONCLUSIONS: Despite the high level of knowledge and positive attitude, use of long term FP methods is still very low in Rubaga division. Ongoing health education, spousal involvement and increasing availability of FP services and girl child education may increase long term FP use.