OBJECTIVES: Perceived physical (PHS) and mental (MHS) health status and co-occurring chronic conditions have profound influence on healthcare expenditures. However, no study till date assessed their influence among community-dwelling adults with Kidney Cancer (KC) in the United States (US). This study assessed the impact of perceived PHS, MHS, and co-occurring chronic conditions on KC healthcare expenditures. METHODS: This retrospective, cross sectional propensity-score matched case-control study was conducted using 2002-2011 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data. The analytic sample included: adult aged 21 years or older who did not die during the calendar year, and had positive total healthcare expenditures. The case group consisted of adults with KC (identified by Clinical Classification System code of 33), whereas the control group consisted of propensity-score matched adults with other cancers. Ordinary Least Square regressions on log-transformed expenditures were conducted to examine the impact of PHS, MHS, and co-occurring chronic conditions on total and subtypes (emergency room, inpatient, prescription, outpatient, home healthcare and other) of healthcare expenditures (expressed in 2011 dollars). The percentage change in expenditure was calculated using the formula (exp^β−1). All analyses adjusted for the complex MEPS survey structure. RESULTS: Annual average total healthcare expenditures ($15,078 vs. $8,182, p<0.001) as well as average inpatient ($6,755 vs. $1,959, p<0.001) and prescription ($3,485 vs. $1,570, p<0.01) expenditures for adults with KC were significantly higher compared to matched controls. Total healthcare expenditures for adults with KC were 80% (β=0.588, p<0.001) higher compared to matched controls when only demographic characteristics were adjusted. After adjusting for perceived physical health and mental health, and co-occurring chronic conditions, the percentage decreased from 80% to 43% (β=0.359, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this nationally representative sample suggest that PHS, MHS, and co-occurring chronic conditions have a significant impact on healthcare expenditures among community-dwelling adults with KC in the US.