OBJECTIVES: In the CheckMate 067 clinical trial NIVO+IPI regimen and NIVO monotherapy were shown to significantly improve progression-free survival (PFS) compared with IPI monotherapy (median PFS was 11.5, 6.9, and 2.9 months for NIVO+IPI, NIVO, and IPI respectively) in AM patients, but little is known regarding the healthcare costs of these newer therapies. The aim of this study was to compare the total melanoma-specific healthcare costs in CheckMate 067 with the standard of care (SOC) therapies in first-line AM treatment. METHODS: The Truven MarketScan database (MarketScan; April 2011-June 2013) was used to identify cost (in 2015 US$) of the current melanoma SOC. Patient-level data from CheckMate 067 were used to derive resource utilization for NIVO+IPI regimen and NIVO monotherapydue to the lack of real-world data at the time of analysis. Unit costs from MarketScan were applied to resources from CheckMate 067 to derive healthcare costs for NIVO+IPI regimen and NIVO monotherapy. All melanoma-specific healthcare costs (including drug, inpatient, outpatient, procedures, laboratory and emergency room costs) occurring during the first year of treatment were aggregated for each treatment and adjusted for censoring. A cost comparison analysis was then performed. RESULTS: Ipilimumab (33%), vemurafenib (19%), temozolomide (16%), interleukin (11%) and interferon (6%) were the most widely prescribed drugs with 12-month total melanoma healthcare costs of $194k, $153k, $155k, $259k and $70k, respectively. The corresponding total melanoma healthcare costs for CheckMate 067 arms were $212k for IPI monotherapy, $234k for NIVO+IPI regimen and $172k for NIVO monotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggests that NIVO+IPI regimen and NIVO monotherapy provide significant added clinical benefit at a marginally higher or even at a lower cost compared with IPI in previously untreated AM patients. Compared with IPI healthcare costs, NIVO+IPI regimen healthcare costs were only 10% higher, while NIVO monotherapy healthcare costs were 19% lower.