OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to estimate costs and consequences of carbetocin use in prevention of uterine atony following delivery by Cesarean section in comparison to standard methods (oxytocin) in Poland. METHODS: A retrospective study based on patient medical records was conducted in three reference medical centres in Poland (Lodz, Poznan, Police). Costs and resource use data were gathered via electronic questionnaire for patients with/without risk of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). This paper focuses on subpopulations who experienced PPH to evaluate whether carbetocin use instead of oxytocin may bring savings for the hospital. RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: Prophylaxis of PPH following Caesarean delivery using carbetocin is relevant from both patients and hospital perspective. In the first case it helps to avoid traumatic and life threatening situation. In the second case, it is especially important because of limited hospitals’ budget.