OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the distribution and costs of the deliveries made by the Unified Health System (Brazilian National Public Health System) in different regions of Brazil. METHODS: The data was obtained through the DATASUS database in the Hospital Information System searching for childbirth procedures codes between 2008 and 2013. The population data were obtained from IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statics). RESULTS: More than 11 million child deliveries were made through SUS between 2008 and 2013, totaling an expense of R$7,310,082,363.75 (an average of R$1,218,341,060.33 per year). Regarding the North, Northeast, Midwest, Southeast and, South regions and Overall Brazil, the indices were respectively: (1) Percentage of births in six years; 12%, 35%, 7%, 34%, 12% and 100%. (2) Percentage of spending on births in six years; 11%, 33%, 7%, 36%, 12% and 100%. (3) Number of births per 100,000 women between 10 and 49 years; 4,179.73, 3,454.16, 2,914.86, 2,496.46, 2,668.76 and 2,970.01. (4) Ratio between GDP per capita and number of deliveries per 100,000 women between 10 and 49 years; 3,506, 3,080, 10,563, 11,982, 9,757 and 7,402. There was a decrease in the number of births in the last 6 years from 3,247.08 / 100,000 in 2008 to 2,970.01 / 100,000 in 2013 (average reduction of 1.76% / year). CONCLUSIONS: There was a decrease in the number of birth between 2008 and 2013, with the largest number of births taking place in the regions with the lowest GDP per capita, especially North and Northeast Regions.