OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between gender and CAM use among adults with multiple chronic conditions (MCC). METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional design with data from 2012 National Health Interview Survey. CAM use was measured using 18 variables. Type of CAM use consisted of alternative medical systems, mind-body therapy, and manipulative-body-based therapy. The relationships between gender and CAM use and types of CAM use were assessed with chi-square tests and logistic and multinomial logistic regressions. Separate logistic regression and multinomial logistic regressions among women and men were performed to assess the factors that are associated with CAM use in each group.   RESULTS: Overall, 51.5% women and 44.3% men reported ever using CAM; in the past 12 months, 27.6% women and 18.9% men used CAM. Across all types of CAM, higher percentages of women than men used CAM. After controlling for demographic, socio-economic, health and lifestyle factors, women were more likely to report ever using CAM (AOR=1.49; 95% CI [1.35, 1.65]) compared to men. Separate multinomial regressions of CAM use in the past 12 months revealed that the factors associated with CAM use were different for men and women. Women with both physical and mental health conditions were more likely to use CAM in the past 12 months (AOR=1.38; 95% CI [1.17, 1.64]) compared to those with only physical conditions; but no such relationship was found in men. The relationship between age and type of CAM use was significant for women and not for men. CONCLUSIONS: Among individuals with MCC, women were more likely to use CAM compared to men. The factors associated with CAM use were different for men and women. Medical providers may need to counsel women about the effectiveness of CAM to treat their chronic conditions. Future research needs to evaluate the effectiveness of CAM therapies among women with multiple chronic conditions.