OBJECTIVES: The International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic fractures Study (ICUROS) is an ongoing 18 months prospective observational study with the objective of estimating resource use and health related quality of life related to osteoporotic fractures. This study aims to describe the resource utilization after vertebral fractures (sustained during 2007-2012) pooled from nine countries: Australia, Austria, France, Italy, Lithuania, Mexico, Russia, Spain, and the UK. METHODS: Patients studied were ≥ 50 years and lived at home prior to fracture. Data were collected through patient interviews and review of medical records: at baseline, 4, 12, and 18 months after fracture. Only resource use related to the fracture event was collected.   RESULTS: There were 636, 572, and 536 patients available for analysis at 4, 12 and 18 months follow-up, respectively. The mean age (±SD) at fracture was 70±10 years and 81% were women. 45% of patients were hospitalized. Mean hospital length of stay (LoS) (±SD) was 5.7±12.4 days during months 0-4 and 0.9±9.8 during months 5-18. The mean number of physician visits (±SD) was 2.8±2.7 during months 0-4 and 1.9±3.4 between months 5-18. The mean number of nurse visits (±SD) was 1.4±8.5 and 1.5±19.9 during the corresponding periods, respectively. During months 0-4, 72% of patients used analgesics, 59% calcium/vitamin D, and 41% pharmacological interventions for osteoporosis.  The respective uptakes for months 5-18 were 56%, 55% and 34%.  CONCLUSIONS: The majority of health care consumption related to vertebral fracture occurs during the first 4 months but substantial consumption persists up to 18 months after fracture.