OBJECTIVES: To assess the cost-effectiveness of the introduction of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in Argentina. METHODS: Using a transmission dynamic model developed and published by Elbasha in 2008 we evaluated the routine vaccination of 11-year-old girls over a time horizon of 100 years from the perspective of the health care system RESULTS: The model showed that the introduction of the vaccine will gradually reduce the incidence of cervical cancer, CIN 1/2/3, and genital warts related to HPV 6/11/16/18. When compared with non-vaccination, a women who completed the three dose scheme will experience a reduction of cervical cancer incidence and death, CIN2/3, CIN1 and genital warts of 58,6%, 59,2%, 56,7%, 56,3% and 67,3% respectively. Considering a 5% discount rate and a 43,8% of complete scheme coverage without heard immunity, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was 795 USD per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. The additional protection against HPV types 6/11 has a great influence in the cost-effectiveness, the ICER was almost doubled when not contemplated the protection against HPV 6/11. The most influential parameters on the scenario analysis were the discount rate, the cost of the vaccine and the cost of treatment. However, the vaccine was very cost-effective (less than one gross domestic product=7844 USD) in all the tested scenarios. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of routine HPV vaccination with the quadrivalent vaccine in 11-year-old girls in Argentina could provide significant benefits to public health by reducing cervical cancer incidence and death rates and the incidence of CIN 1/2/3 and genital warts, making it a highly cost-effective intervention