OBJECTIVES: The Syreon model was developed to predict the long term effects of screening, treatment and control of type 2 diabetes. After a successful internal and external validation the model is capable of analyzing the consequences of different macro-level policy interventions. The aim of this analysis was to assess the cost-effectiveness of the introduction of a risk stratified population screening compared to no screening in Hungary. METHODS: The screening program consists of two major elements. The first covers the use of the internationally validated FINDRISC questionnaire to identify people at high risk of diabetes. Answers to the questionnaire are simulated based on individual characteristics. The second part of the module refers the high risk (FINDRISC score >= 12) population to oral glucose tolerance test. After completion of the screening program, patients enter the disease progression and treatment module. The screening process can be repeated over defined periods, e.g. every 3 years. RESULTS: Introduction of 3 yearly risk stratified screening for 50-60 age groups with not known diabetes was estimated to result in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of 32 000 PPP $/QALY. The results were sensitive to the starting age of the target group, the frequency and the stopping age of the organized screening. CONCLUSIONS: Risk stratified screening program was predicted to be cost-effective compared with no screening in Hungary in certain age-groups. Early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes contributes to earlier treatment that results in better health and less complications.