OBJECTIVES:  Incorrect insulin injection technique on a global scale is a common phenomenon, which affected the effect of insulin therapy, eventually leading to poor glucose control. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the current status and influential factors of insulin pen needle reuse in T2D patients from China. METHODS:  A cross-sectional, multiple center survey by 46 doctors as investigators from 44 centers in 12 cities was conducted from November 2015 to December 2015, A total of 1200 individuals with T2D filled out a standardized questionnaire included information on demographic characteristic, disease-related data and glucose monitoring. Non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U were used for multiparametric analysis. A multiple logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with independent variable. RESULTS:  Overall, the average times of a single needle was 3.79, with the highest of 60. Analysis across all study participants showed that the frequency of a single needle correlated positively with age (p =0.029), duration of diabetes (p＜0.001), and number of complications (p＜0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age, income, education, marital status, duration of diabetes, quality of life and cost of drug was found to be significantly related to needle reuse. CONCLUSIONS:  From this survey, we have found that pen needle reuse was common in China. Frequency of needle reuse related to the demographic characteristics (income level, age, regions, education, employment status, self-care), health-related information (duration of diabetes, number of complications and EQ-5D index scores) and health service utilization (cost of drug).