OBJECTIVES:  In order to maintain the quality and safety of drugs and medical devices, it is necessary to comply with all the procedures prescribed by the manufacturer on how to store and transport them. Therefore the cold chain of drugs and medical devices has to be respected from the production site to the user. It is essential to provide the right information to the user on further handling this type of medications. METHODS: The prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the first half of the year 2016, using specially created questionnaire on a sample of pharmaceutical professionals in the primary level of health care system in Serbia. The questionnaire approved by the Ethics Committee for biomedical research of the Faculty of Pharmacy. The informed consent was obtained by participants who completed the survey instrument. RESULTS:  The questionnaire has been completed by 575 pharmacists at 32 healthcare institutions; Most participants were female (94.5%) with average age of 44.64±9.04 years. Almost all pharmacies have products that require cold chain regime (99.30%) and 98.8% claim that they respect its principles. The method and frequency of temperature checking in the cold chain is quite different from pharmacy to pharmacy. 33.2% of pharmacists measure the temperature twice a day, while 2.2% do that once or twice a week. In 6.8% pharmacies participants stated that the procedure with products that require cold chain in case of natural disasters does not exist, while for 4% of them the procedure is unknown. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to define uniform procedures for all the pharmacies on the primary level of health care system on handling cold chain. Additional training of health care workers on proper maintainence of cold chain is also required. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (project No. 41004 and No. 175036).