OBJECTIVES:  This study aims to compare the survival of a cohort of hepatic carcinoma patients with chronic hepatitis C with interferon-based treatment regimen. METHODS:  Patients with hepatic carcinoma were identified from 2008-2011 Taiwan Cancer Database, with their health care utilization being linked with 2004-2013 National Health Insurance Claims data. A total of 11,395 patients with newly diagnosed hepatic carcinoma cancer who had at least 3 claims records associated hepatitis C were included. The date of cancer diagnosis was defined as the index date. Patients were divided as the following 3 groups based upon their treatment regimen: treatment naive, < 16 weeks of interferon-based treatment, and >=16 weeks of interferon-based treatment. Survival were followed from the index date until death events or the end of data. Kaplan Meier method and Cox proportion regression analysis were performed to investigate the independent effect of treatment regimen on the survival. RESULTS:  Among 11,395 patients, 8,810 were treatment naïve, 791 patients received interferon-based treatment <16 weeks, and 1,794 patients received interferon-based treatment >=16 weeks. After controlling for age, sex and stage, results from multivariate analysis showed that, when compared with patients received interferon-based treatment >=16 weeks, the hazard ratio (HR) for treatment naïve and interferon-based treatment<16 weeks were 3.667 (IC: 3.227-4.167) and 1.844 (IC:1.532-2.218), respectively. CONCLUSIONS:  Interferon-based treatment significantly improves the survival of hepatic carcinoma patients with hepatitis C in Taiwan. KEYWORDS: hepatic carcinoma; chronic hepatitis C; National Health Insurance; Taiwan; interferon-based treatment