OBJECTIVES: There is limited up-to-date available data examining the real-world treatment practices of prostate cancer (PC). The primary objective of this study is to describe treatment patterns, as well as resources utilization for PC in Argentina during 2012. METHODS: An in-depth face to face survey was conducted. Eligibility criteria included: oncologist, urologist or uro-oncologist; clinical experience in oncologic treatment of PC, including hormonal therapy; minimum patient volume of 30 PC patients at the moment of the enrollment in the survey; have high reputation as key opinion leaders. Results were analyzed and weighted according to the volume of patients each physician attended. RESULTS: Ten physicians (80% oncologist, 10% urologist, 10% uro-oncologist), mainly from the private sector (79% vs. 21%), with an average of 22 years of experience and currently treating an average of 44 patients were interviewed. The most common reason for consultation with the specialist was an abnormal PSA result. A total of 40% of patients were diagnosed with metastatic PC and immediately after, androgen deprivation therapy was started. In patients with localized PC, most doctors take patient’s preference into account (75% of their patients) in the choice of the treatment, and as the risk increased, radical prostatectomy was more commonly used. The most common treatment pattern in hormone therapy was the combination of a GnRH analogue and antiandrogens. In castration resistant PC, docetaxel is the most common 1st line therapy and mitoxantrone the 2nd line, followed by abiraterone. Health care resource utilization such as blood tests/year (complete blood count, blood chemistry, functional liver tests, PSA), some imaging tests/year, specialist visits and hospitalizations increases as disease progresses. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment pattern of PC in Argentina follow International Guidelines, and resource utilization increases as the disease progresses.