OBJECTIVES: To calculate the annual health insurance treatment cost of Parkinson disease in Hungary. METHODS: The data derive from the financial database of the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund Administration (NHIFA), the only health care financing agency in Hungary. We analyzed the health insurance treatment cost and the number of patients for the year 2010. The following cost categories were included into the study: out-patient care, in-patient care, CT-MRI, PET, home care, transportation, general practitioner, drugs and medical devices. RESULTS: The Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund Administration spent 5.349 billion Hungarian Forint (HUF) (EUR 19.16 million) for the treatment of Parkinson patients. The annual average expenditure per patient was HUF 45897 (EUR 164) while the average expenditure per one inhabitant was HUF 534 (EUR 1.9). Major cost drivers were pharmaceuticals (77.4% of total health insurance costs), general practitioners (9.6%) and out-patient care (7.1%). The number of Parkinson patients was 116 per 100000 populations. We found the highest patient number in pharmaceutical budget (116545 patients), out-patient care (74562 patients) and general practitioners (59993 patients). CONCLUSIONS: Parkinson disease represents a significant burden for the health insurance system. Pharmaceutical treatment is the major cost driver for Parkinson disease.